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What acne

What acneWhat is acne - The term comes from the word Acme acne which means "the highest point" of the Greek name meaning "point" or "point" - was poorly written originally with an "n" instead of an 'm' in 1,835.

In humans, the grains tend to appear on the face, back, chest, shoulders and neck.


Brief - skin cells, sebum and hair can be grouped in a plug, said plug is infected with bacteria, resulting in inflammation. A pimple starts to develop when the plug begins to decompose.


Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine found that there are good and bad bacteria strains that determine the severity and frequency of developing acne. They explained in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology (March 2013 Authorisation to issue) that all bacteria trigger acne pimples - indeed, a strain identified can help maintain skin pimple free.


Acne Causes
No one is completely sure what causes acne. Experts believe that the main cause is an increase in androgen levels - androgen is a type of hormone. Androgen levels increase when a human being becomes a teenager. Increased levels of androgens cause the sebaceous glands grow under the skin; the enlarged gland produces more oil. Excess sebum can break the cell walls in your pores, causing bacteria to grow.

Some studies suggest that the susceptibility to acne can also be genetic. Some medications containing lithium and androgens can cause acne. Greasy cosmetics can cause acne in some sensitive individuals. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause acne, the need to develop for the first time or repetition.


Types of acne pimples 

* Whiteheads - remain under the skin and are very small 
Blackheads - clearly visible, which are black and appear on the surface of the skin. Remember that a blackhead is not caused by dirt. Vigorously rub the face when you see blackheads will not help
Papules - visible on the surface of the skin. They are small pieces, usually pink 

Pustules - clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are red at the base and top of pus
Nobules - clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are major grain solids. They are painful and are embedded deep within the skin
Cysts - clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are painful, and are filled with pus. Cysts can easily cause scarring.
 


How common is acne?
Dermatologists (skin specialists) that about three quarters of 11-30 years will have acne at some point. Acne can affect people of all races and all ages. It most commonly affects adolescents and young adults, but there are people in their fifties still suffer from acne. According to Brown University, United States, about 17 million Americans are estimated to have acne at some point.

Although acne affects men and women, young people suffer from acne for more - probably because testosterone, which is present in greater quantities in young men, can aggravate acne.

 
How to get rid of acne
How is acne can depend on the serious and persistent way it is.
Next we look at some of the treatments available for mild and severe acne.

Treatment of mild acne
Most people who get acne mild acne develops. This can usually be treated with OTC (over-the-counter) drugs. OTC drugs can be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription. In general, they apply to the skin - topical medications.

Most commodity prices against acne may contain the following active ingredients:  

1. Resorcinol 
Resorcinol helps break down blackheads and pimples. It is a crystalline phenol and from a variety of resins. Resorcinol is also used for the treatment of dandruff, eczema and psoriasis.

2. Benzoyl peroxide 

Benzoyl peroxide kills bacteria and slows down the production of their sebaceous glands. Benzoyl peroxide is a white crystalline peroxide used in the bleaching (flour or fats or oils) and as a catalyst for free radical reactions. It works like peeling agent, accelerating the turnover of skin pores and compensation, which reduces the number of bacteria in the affected area.

3. Salicylic acid 

Salicylic acid helps break down blackheads and whiteheads, can also reduce shedding of the cells lining the follicles, effective in the treatment of inflammation and swelling of the sebaceous glands. Salicylic acid is a white crystalline substance, which is also used as fungicidal, or taking aspirin or dyes or perfumes. This causes the epidermis of the skin to shed more easily, prevents clogging of pores while leaving room for new cells to grow. shampoos used to treat dandruff are commonly added. 

4. Sulfur 
Sulfur helps break down blackheads and pimples. Sulfur, in its native form, is a yellow crystalline solid. Sulfur has been used for centuries to treat acne, psoriasis and eczema. Scientists are not sure how sulfur works to help skin diseases. It is known that elemental sulfur is not oxidized to sulfur acid slowly, which is a mild reduction and antibacterial agent.

5. Retin-A 

Retin-A can unplug clogged pores. Retin-A contains tretinoin, an acid of vitamin A, also known as trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Tretinoin is also used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia. Retin-A has been widely used in the fight against skin aging, and it also acts as a chemical peel.

6. Azelaic acid 

Azelaic acid enhances the cells lining the follicles, skin eruptions oil stops, reduces bacterial growth. It is a saturated dicarboxylic acid naturally found in wheat, rye and barley. Azelaic acid also absorbs free radicals, reducing inflammation. It is helpful for patients with darker skin have dark spots on the face (melasma), or whose acne spots leave persistent brown marks. 

You can buy medicines against acne in the form of gels, soaps, pills, creams and lotions. If your skin is sensitive, you may prefer a cream or lotion. Gels, which are usually alcohol based and tend to dry the skin, are best for people with oily skin. TBT have these ingredients in different concentrations. It is advisable to start with low forces. You may experience skin irritation, redness or first test burns. These side effects usually disappear after continued use. If they do not, you should consult your doctor.

The treatment of severe cases of acne 
If your acne is more severe, you should consider seeing a dermatologist - A skin specialist. The specialist may prescribe a treatment that contains some of the active ingredients mentioned above, such as benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid and adapalene. Prescribing drugs against acne takes many forms such as creams, lotions, etc. Your dermatologist will decide which is best for you.He may prescribe an oral or topical antibiotic. Antibiotics can fight against the growth of bacteria and reduce inflammation. More generally, erythromycin and tetracycline antibiotics are prescribed as treatment for acne.

Treatment with intralesional corticosteroids cyst 

If a cyst acne becomes severely inflamed, there is a high risk of rupture. A ruptured cyst can often result in acne scars. The specialist may inject a corticosteroid diluted to treat inflamed cysts and prevent scarring. The injection will reduce inflammation and accelerate healing. The cyst "melt" in a few days.

Isotretinoin 

This is an oral retinoid fort used to treat severe cystic acne severe acne that has not responded to other medications and treatments. 

Oral antibiotics 
Oral antibiotics are often prescribed to patients with severe acne and also patients with moderate acne. The purpose of these oral antibiotics is to reduce the population of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), a bacterium that is commonly found on the skin, which multiply rapidly in the blocked follicles. The dose is initially high, so that acne will also reduce the dose. Antibiotics are taken for more than six months. As time goes P. acnes can become resistant to antibiotics and other antibiotics is necessary. Some US studies have shown that it is preferable to use broad-spectrum antibiotics by mouth.

Oral contraceptives 

Most women with acne found that certain oral contraceptives taken clarifies. Oral contraceptives suppress the overactive gland and commonly used as a long term treatment for acne in women. If a woman has a disorder of blood clotting, smoke, have a history of migraines, or are over 35, you should not take this medication without first consulting a gynecologist. 

Topical antimicrobials (= membranes topically applied to the skin or mucosa)

As with oral antibiotics, topical antimicrobials target for the treatment of acne is to reduce the population of P. acnes. Topical antimicrobials are used for patients with moderate to severe acne. Examples can be clindamycin, erythromycin, sodium sulfacetamide and
The dermatologist may prescribe a topical retinoid. Topical Retinoids are derivatives of vitamin A and are very popular for the treatment of acne. They unclog pores and prevent pimples and black development points. Examples of topical retinoids prescribed in the United States They are adapalene, tazarotene and tretinoin. 
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